MEO非共振轨道导航星座摄动补偿控制

针对我国新一代全球导航星座长期构型维持控制问题,提出了MEO星座构型状态描述方法,分析了主要摄动力和轨道参数偏差作用下的星座构型演化规律,结合实测数据对稳定性规律进行了验证;研究了参数偏置摄动补偿控制原理,提出了一种改进的解耦控制方案,分析了星座部署时间对摄动补偿控制量的影响规律,得到了一些有益的关键性结论,为我国全球导航系统的星座构型设计和运控策略制定奠定了基础。     

A novel gradient approach for optimal design and sensitivity analysis of EWMA control charts

Conventional control charts are often designed to optimize out‐of‐control average run length (ARL), while constraining in‐control ARL to a desired value. The widely employed grid search approach in statistical process control (SPC) is time‐consuming with unsatisfactory accuracy. Although the simulation‐based ARL gradient estimators proposed by Fu and Hu [Manag Sci 45 (1999), 395–413] can alleviate this issue, it still requires a large number of simulation runs to significantly reduce the variance of gradient estimators. This article proposes a novel ARL gradient estimation approach based on integral equation for efficient analysis and design of control charts. Although this article compares with the results of Fu and Hu [Manag Sci 45 (1999), 395–413] based on the exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control chart, the proposed approach has wide applicability as it can generally fit into any control chart with Markovian property under any distributions. It is shown that the proposed method is able to provide a fast, accurate, and easy‐to‐implement algorithm for the design and analysis of EWMA charts, as compared to the simulation‐based gradient estimation method. Moreover, the proposed gradient estimation method facilitates the computation of high‐order derivatives that are valuable in sensitivity analysis. The code is written in Matlab, which is available on request. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 223–237, 2014     

对成像雷达的脉冲分段排序转发干扰

多假目标图像欺骗是目前宽带雷达干扰的难点。针对宽带雷达中常用的线性调频(Linear Frequency Modulated,LFM)信号,提出一种脉冲分段排序转发干扰方法。结合散射波信号模型,推导了合成干扰信号二维成像输出形式,讨论了假目标图像个数、分辨率与分段数以及转发次序之间的关系,并进行了仿真实验。结果表明该干扰方法可较便捷地产生多个沿距离向分布的假目标图像。结果对于成像雷达图像欺骗干扰具有理论指导意义。     

THO-MAC:一种两跳优化的低延迟低功耗无线传感器网络介质访问控制协议

功耗与延迟是无线传感器网络介质访问控制协议设计首要考虑的两个问题。提出了一种新的传感器网络低延迟、低功耗、接收节点初始化异步介质访问控制协议——THO-MAC协议。通过准确预测接收节点的唤醒时间,THO-MAC协议调度发送节点侦听信道,从而减少发送节点空闲侦听能量浪费。THOMAC协议在发送节点两跳转发节点集中选择使报文两跳转发延迟最小的转发节点,从而降低报文传输延迟。使用NS2模拟器对THO-MAC协议进行了详细模拟。模拟结果显示,与RI-MAC和Any-MAC协议相比,THOMAC协议可以减少35.5%和18%的报文传输延迟,同时节省23.5%和15.5%的节点功耗。     

A branch‐and‐price approach for the stochastic generalized assignment problem

In this article, we address a stochastic generalized assignment machine scheduling problem in which the processing times of jobs are assumed to be random variables. We develop a branch‐and‐price (B&P) approach for solving this problem wherein the pricing problem is separable with respect to each machine, and has the structure of a multidimensional knapsack problem. In addition, we explore two other extensions of this method—one that utilizes a dual‐stabilization technique and another that incorporates an advanced‐start procedure to obtain an initial feasible solution. We compare the performance of these methods with that of the branch‐and‐cut (B&C) method within CPLEX. Our results show that all B&P‐based approaches perform better than the B&C method, with the best performance obtained for the B&P procedure that includes both the extensions aforementioned. We also utilize a Monte Carlo method within the B&P scheme, which affords the use of a small subset of scenarios at a time to estimate the “true” optimal objective function value. Our experimental investigation reveals that this approach readily yields solutions lying within 5% of optimality, while providing more than a 10‐fold savings in CPU times in comparison with the best of the other proposed B&P procedures. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 61: 131–143, 2014     

Japan as a Seapower: Strategy,Doctrine, and Capabilities under Three Defence Reviews, 1995–2010

Abstract

This article draws upon previously unavailable document materials to question views pointing to a degree of stagnation in Japanese maritime thinking. It similarly reviews claims about trends to compensate the decline of national military power with the build-up of projection capabilities. The article’s main argument is that Japanese seapower is not declining. The Japanese Navy is evolving to combine enhanced capabilities to retain sea control in the Sea of Japan and the East China Sea with extended operational reach and flexibility, including an expeditionary component to meet alliance and diplomatic commitments in East Asia and beyond its confines.     

舰艇编队防空过程建模及分析

防空作战是大型水面舰艇编队的主要作战样式之一。运用PEPA(性能评价过程代数)方法对舰艇编队防空作战全过程进行有效建模,形式化描述了预警探测、情报传递、命令下达、防空拦截等作战主要过程。建立的PEPA模型具有层次化结构,考虑了要素间相互协作,体现了编队防空作战分布、并发的特点。通过对建立的PEPA模型进行性能指标选择和稳定状态分析,得到了不同因素对编队能力发挥的影响情况,获得了防空作战的基本要素组成,从而提供了一种解决舰艇编队问题的新方法。     

惯组动态测试台误差分析及附加运动补偿算法

为了完成惯组的高精度、大动态测试任务,基于Gough-Stewart平台设计了电动六自由度惯组动态测试台。建立了系统的误差模型并分析了电动缸长度误差对系统精度的影响,分析了电动缸在惯组动态测试台运动过程中产生的被动螺旋附加运动,并对该运动补偿算法进行了研究。对被动螺旋附加运动产生的误差进行量化分析,结果表明,被动螺旋附加运动对惯组动态测试台的位姿精度存在非常显著的影响。为了消除该影响,编制了补偿算法,并将其应用于惯组动态测试台的实时控制系统中。实验结果表明,经过算法补偿后,惯组动态测试台的位姿精度达到了设计指标要求。     

高超声速滑翔飞行器滑翔段预测-校正制导研究

为了满足高超声速滑翔飞行器再入制导过程中的终端约束和过程约束,针对滑翔段具有不确定初值和气动干扰的滑翔再入问题,联合三维轨迹快速在线生成技术和模型预测静态规划（MPSP）技术提出了一种改进的MPSP预测-校正制导律。建立了基于能量的高超声速滑翔飞行器的运动学模型,详细推导了MPSP预测-校正制导理论。构建了基于三维快速轨迹规划的初值生成器,探讨了初始下降段对滑翔段的影响因素。针对滑翔段初值干扰和气动参数摄动问题,设计了预测-校正制导律,进行了数字仿真。仿真结果表明,改进的MPSP预测-校正制导方法能够有效利用精确的猜测值,对干扰初值和气动摄动具有较强的鲁棒性。     

航空时敏制导炸弹增程弹道组合优化设计

为增强航空时敏制导炸弹在中制导段的滑翔能力,将极小值原理与自适应进化粒子群算法相结合,提出了一种适用于航空时敏制导炸弹增程弹道的组合优化设计方法。基于纵向平面内质心运动模型,推导了性能指标泛函及各不等式约束函数。引入Lagrange乘子矢量并建立相应的Hamilton函数实现无约束泛函极值问题的转换,推导出兼顾各优化目标函数的满意优化模型。利用自适应进化粒子群算法对该段增程弹道进行了攻角与弹翼张合档位双设计变量的组合优化。数值仿真算例表明,在满足状态方程约束的条件下,双变量的增程效果比常规单变量控制时显著提高,其优化结果可为制导炸弹弹道规划设计的研究提供一定的理论参考。